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Federal · 2028 GUIDE2025 reconciliation act — Public Law 119-21 (H.R. 1)
What It Does
Extends major 2017 tax provisions, changes Medicaid/SNAP eligibility and funding, and adds defense and border-security spending.
Status: Enacted July 4, 2025; provisions take effect on different schedules.
Enacted federal statute
Potential Effects
Possible Benefits
CBO projects tax-driven resource gains for middle- and higher-income households; security agencies receive additional resources.
Potential Trade-Offs
CBO projects losses for households at the bottom of the income distribution and a $3.4 trillion increase in deficits over 2025–2034 versus its January 2025 baseline.
Potential effects are analysis, not guaranteed household outcomes. The interactive guide retains the full income and scenario breakdown where evidence is available.